Overview
Used as a stomachic and nervous-system tonic in some traditions; included in formulas for mood and nervous dyspepsia; evidence in course text references preclinical findings (anti-aromatase/estrogenic activity).
Plant family
Turneraceae (listed as Bignoniaceae/Turneraceae in course text)
Parts used
Leaf and stem
Actions
Bitter · Carminative · Nervine · Tonic
Affinities
Digestive · Nervous · Reproductive
Body systems
Digestive · Nervous · Reproductive
Taste profile
Bitter
Tissue states
Traditional use
Traditionally used as an aphrodisiac; used with atonic constipation/bedwetting; used for nervous dyspepsia; used for depression/anxiety states (per course text).
Current use
Used as a stomachic and nervous-system tonic in some traditions; included in formulas for mood and nervous dyspepsia; evidence in course text references preclinical findings (anti-aromatase/estrogenic activity).
Preparation
Infusion (tea): steep 2–4 g dried leaf in 150 mL boiling water for 5–10 minutes, then strain. Liquid extract: 2–4 mL (per course text screenshots).
Dosage guidance
Oral: 2–4 g dried leaf, 3×/day; or 1 cup tea, 3×/day. Tea prep: 2–4 g in 150 mL boiling water, steep 5–10 min, strain. Liquid extract: 2–4 mL.
Cautions & contraindications
Avoid excessive use (contains cyanogenic glycosides and arbutin per course text). Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Use caution with diabetes or blood sugar medications (possible hypoglycemic effects). Caution with hormone-sensitive conditions per course text (progesterone receptor activity mentioned). Avoid excessive doses; extreme-dose adverse effects described in course text.
Evidence notes
Course text notes: odor aromatic; taste bitter; leaves smooth/pale-green; yellow flowers; capsule one-celled splitting into three pieces. Regulatory status noted in course text: AHPA Botanical Safety Handbook Class 1; appears on FDA GRAS list and is widely used as a food flavoring.